Blood glucose is a measure of the amount of glucose (blood sugar) in the blood. Glucose is our body’s primary source of energy. After we consume a meal, digested carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is then absorbed into the bloodstream. The hormone insulin, secreted by the pancreas, regulates blood glucose levels. Maintaining blood glucose levels within the normal range is crucial for physical health. If blood glucose levels are too high, it can lead to health problems such as diabetes. Conversely, if blood glucose levels are too low, symptoms like dizziness and fatigue may occur. Regularly measuring and properly managing blood glucose levels is important for maintaining good health.
A blood glucose monitoring electrode is a special device used to measure blood glucose levels. The electrode is usually built into a blood glucose meter or monitor, which measures the amount of glucose in the blood. This is done by detecting the chemicals (electrons) produced by the reaction of glucose and enzymes in a small blood sample. It is easy to measure blood glucose levels at home or in a medical institution, making it useful for diabetes management and health maintenance.
SMBG
SMBG stands for “Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose.” This is a method for checking blood glucose levels in daily life. Regular blood glucose monitoring is the basis of diabetes treatment. Monitoring blood glucose levels at home, not just in medical institutions, is significant for effective management. A typical SMBG involves the following steps:
- Drawing blood.
- Applying the blood to the sensor.
- Displaying the results on the measuring device.
Since each measurement requires blood sampling, universities and companies are developing devices that can perform the measurement without needing a blood sample.
CGM
CGM stands for “Continuous Glucose Monitoring.” It consists of small electrodes placed under the skin, a transmitter that periodically sends readings, and a receiver. It is relatively easy to wear, has little impact on daily life, and provides detailed information on blood glucose fluctuations, enabling better blood glucose control.
FMG
FMG stands for “Flash Glucose Monitoring” and, like CGM, is a device used to continuously monitor blood glucose levels. The difference between FMG and CGM is that CGM always displays blood glucose levels on the screen, whereas FMG allows the user to check values only when the device is held up to the sensor.
This electrochemical measurement requires a reference electrode to provide a stable voltage, ensuring accurate comparison of the measured voltage. Silver chloride electrodes are among the best because their polarization voltage is lower than that of other electrodes and their electrode potential is stable.
Related word
Applications
Electrocardiograph electrodes (electrodes for ECG)
Electromyocardiograph electrodes (electrodes for EMG)
Electroencephalograph electrodes (electrodes for EEG)
